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Spring MVC实例

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        Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品,自诞生之日,就受到广泛开发者的关注,如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上,下面详细描述下搭建运行一个Spring MVC的实例。

        项目结构如下:

一.在WEB-INF/web.xml,配置Spring MVC转发

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee    
   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
   
	<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
	
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

二.在WEB-INF/目录下,创建springMVC-servlet.xml,支持注解,页面路径解析等

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
                    ">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.bijian.study.controller"></context:component-scan>   
        
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>   
        
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">   
        <property name="viewClass"  
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />   
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />   
    </bean>
</beans>

三.新建HelloController类,使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用

package com.bijian.study.controller;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

	@RequestMapping("/greeting")
	public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value = "name", defaultValue = "World") String name) {
		
		//由于浏览器会把中文直接换成ISO-8859-1编码格式,如果用户在地址打入中文,需要进行如下转换处理
		try {
			String tempName = new String(name.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"utf-8");
			System.out.println(tempName);
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		System.out.println("Hello " + name);
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("userName", name);
		return new ModelAndView("/hello", map);
	}
}

四.创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp,用来展现数据

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core"%>  
<!DOCTYPE html>   
<html>   
<head>   
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">   
	<title>Hello</title>   
</head>   
<body>   
	你好,${userName}
</body>   
</html>

五.部署运行

        部署运行后,在浏览器中输入访问的URL:http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/greeting?name=zhangshan,运行效果如下:

 

PS:

        http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3,URIEncoding是UTF-8,在浏览器中会将其转换为中文:http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/greeting?name=美女,然后这个又会转成ISO-8859-1:http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%XX%XX%XX%XX

        所以,浏览器神奇的将URIEncoding从UTF-8转成ISO-8859-1。
        解决的方式也很简单,看看百度:

http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%B1%E0%BC%AD 
http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=编辑

        URIEncoding就用ISO-8859-1。大多浏览器会把中文直接换成:ISO-8859-1,如果在你的系统里确实需要用户在地址打入中文直接进行查询,建议把URIEncoding改成ISO-8859-1就可以了。但这样以后会造成其它用UTF-8编码的地方就要单独转码了,反而不方便(JSON数据的提交)。所以最好不要让用户在地址栏打入中文进行操作。

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